Constantly, the rainwater harvesting industry is searching for different ways to make rainwater harvesting more economical and practical. By using rainwater harvesting you can reduce your mains water consumption by between 30% and 50%, and we are all now are under strong government pressure to achieve this. The Code for Sustainable Homes recommends rainwater harvesting for its higher target levels (maximum of 80 litres per day per person) and new Building Reg Part G 17K coming in April 2010 will mean that, for the first time, water consumption limits will be a legal requirement in new buildings.
Rainwater harvesting does, however, in most circumstances use an electric pump to take the stored rainwater to where it is needed, and this pump needs power. Steps have already been taken to reduce this pump energy use. There are now specially-designed gravity feed systems whereby a rainwater header tank is only refilled when empty rather than every time water is drawn. This avoids the pump hunting, reduces pump activity considerably and, therefore, reduces energy use. To use solar energy to power the pump is the next logical step.
A solar panel the size of a small car windscreen can power a gravity-feed rainwater management system. The solar panel, in combination with a submersible 12 volt pump in the main storage tank and a battery ensure rainwater can be pumped to the rainwater header tank without any use of mains electricity. The control mechanism of the system and the pump are both powered by the battery that is kept topped up by solar power in daylight hours. Even on a cloudy day, tests show that the most up-to-date solar panels can give six times the charge necessary to run a rainwater harvesting system in a typical family home. Mains electricity is used as a back up should the panel not provide enough charge to the battery. Furthermore, unlike normal chargers, the standby mode of the mains charger takes no current at all, not even a trickle.
So in such a system, the powerful mains-electric pump is replaced by a small 12 volt pump which pumps to 8-10 metres high, enough to feed a header tank on a two story house. One or more relay pumps, with supplemental solar panels, can be added for taller buildings. You should be aware that this system will only give enough pressure for gravity fed irrigation, not garden sprinkling.
For quite a while, solar pump kits have been available allowing rainwater to be moved without the need for mains electricity and without having to turn on and off manually. Water can be moved, for instance, from a low level garden collecting tank, or even at the end of a polytunnel or greenhouse, to a higher level storage tank. The applications are numerous in allotments, equestrian properties, market gardens and for water features. These kits can supply a drip feed watering system through a header tank (so that water is available for gravity feed at any time, even through a time switch). In some kits, the pump starts when the float switch detects water and turns off when the header tank is full.
Using solar energy to power the pump is a big step forward in making rainwater harvesting an attractive sustainable proposition by saving water while not using extra power to do so.
Rainwater Harvesting Limited supplies rainwater harvesting storage tanks, pumps, filters & management systems to households and commercial businesses. Find a large resource of valuable technical information and advice at http://www.rainwaterharvesting.co.uk . Download the invaluable rainwater harvesting tank size calculator from http://www.rainwaterharvesting.co.uk/calculator.php
Article Source: How Rain Power and Solar Power Work Together
